43. In conclusion, the Respondent State submits that. in all, "the Applicants have not justified their status as beneficiaries or indirect victims, and therefore cannot lay claim to any reparation." 44. The Court notes that what is in discussion here between the parties, are the following issues: the notion of victim who is likely to become beneficiary of reparation and application of this notion in the instant case; the type of evidence to adduce to establish the status of victim; and the amount of reparation being claimed. It is also important to clarify the issue of proof of the causal link between the wrongful act and the moral prejudice suffered . a) The notion of victim and its application in the instant case 45. Whereas the Applicants have, in all, listed a considerable number of beneficiaries including not only the spouse and the children of the deceased. but also their fathers and/or mothers , their step-mothers and their brothers and sisters, the Respondent State submits that not all of them are beneficiaries, and that in particular, according to Burkina be law, fathers , mothers , brothers and sisters may inherit only where there are no children and descendants. The Respondent State thus places the victims entitled to reparation on the same footing as the heirs of the deceased persons according to Burkinabe law. Going by this concept, and in the circumstances of this case, only the children and , where applicable, the spouses , wou ld be the victims of the human rights violations established by the Court. 46. The Court is of the opinion that, in international human rights law, the notion of victim must not necessarily be limited to that of the first-line heirs of a deceased person under national law. This notion may indeed encompass not only first-line heirs but also possibly other close relatives of the deceased, who can reasonably be considered as having suffered moral prejudice as a result of the violation of the human rights in question . 47. According to Principle 8 of the Basic Principles and Guidelines on the Right to a Remedy and Reparation for Victims of Gross Violations of International Human Rights Law and Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law adopted by the UN General Assembly on 16 December 2005: 15

Select target paragraph3